Relación entre la expresión proteínas inhibidoras de complemento y la eficacia de anticuerpos terapéuticos en cáncer colorrectal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58713/rf.v1i2.1Palabras clave:
Cáncer colorrectal, Proteínas de membrana, Reguladores de complemento, CD46, CD55, CD59, Anticuerpos terapéuticosResumen
El cáncer colorrectal ocupa el segundo lugar en mortalidad a nivel nacional y el tercero en incidencia a nivel mundial. Su tratamiento involucra cirugía, radioterapia y combinaciones de agentes citotóxicos y dirigidos. El uso de anticuerpos como terapia dirigida ha incrementado la supervivencia de los pacientes; sin embargo, su eficacia es limitada por la presencia de proteínas de membrana reguladoras del complemento (mRCP), tales como CD55, CD46 y CD59. Estas proteínas inhiben la citotoxicidad dependiente del complemento y favorecen la progresión tumoral en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal. El proporcionar un panorama que describa e integre evidencia sobre la función y relevancia de estas proteínas en cáncer colorrectal permitirá tener herramientas que mejoren el diagnóstico y el tratamiento. Usando las plataformas UALCAN, XENA y GEPIA, se analizó la expresión de las mRCP y su impacto en la supervivencia. Luego se integró con
información reportada sobre la relación entre las mRCP, la eficacia terapéutica y las medidas exploradas hasta la actualidad para su estudio e inhibición. La sobreexpresión significativa de CD46 en el tejido tumoral correlaciona con una menor supervivencia libre de enfermedad, sugiriendo una función relevante en el desarrollo y progresión del cáncer colorrectal. Aun cuando la expresión de CD55 y CD59 es estadísticamente diferencial entre el tejido tumoral y no tumoral, no parece tener impacto en la supervivencia. La inhibición de las mRCP podría beneficiar a los pacientes al aumentar la eficacia de los anticuerpos terapéuticos y evitar la progresión del cáncer.
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