Importancia de los canales de K+ en la relajación del músculo liso traqueal inducida por el salbutamol
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58713/rf.v2i2.1Palabras clave:
Salbutamol, Músculo liso, Canales de K+Resumen
El salbutamol es un agonista del receptor adrenérgico β2 (RAβ2) utilizado como medicamento de primera línea para revertir el broncoespasmo en pacientes asmáticos o con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). La vía de señalización del RAβ2 ha sido bien estudiada en los distintos tipos de músculo liso, incluyendo el traqueal (MLT). La activación de la proteína cinasa A (PKA) vía el RAβ2 fosforila diversas proteínas blanco implicadas en la relajación del músculo liso tales como la fosfolipasa Cβ, los receptores de inositol trifosfato y el fosfolamban. Además, está reportado que los canales de K+ localizados en la membrana plasmática de los diferentes músculos lisos son blanco de la PKA, y su apertura conduce a la hiperpolarización, lo que contribuye a la relajación. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue explorar el mecanismo principal inducido por el salbutamol para relajar el MLT. En miocitos traqueales de cobayo, utilizando inmunofluorescencia, se detectó la presencia de tres isoformas de los canales de K+: el KV1.2, el KV1.5 y el KCa1.1. El salbutamol produjo la relajación del MLT de cobayo y el tetraetilamonio (TEA, bloqueador inespecífico de los canales de K+) disminuyó significativamente este efecto. En los miocitos traqueales, el salbutamol aumentó las corrientes de K+ y fueron bloqueadas por TEA. Por lo tanto, podemos concluir que el mecanismo más importante por el que el salbutamol induce la relajación del músculo liso traqueal es a través de los canales KV1.2, KV1.5 y KCa1.1.Citas
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